| UScrime {MASS} | R Documentation |
Criminologists are interested in the effect of punishment regimes on crime rates. This has been studied using aggregate data on 47 states of the USA for 1960 given in this data frame. The variables seem to have been re-scaled to convenient numbers.
UScrime
This data frame contains the following columns:
Mpercentage of males aged 14–24.
Soindicator variable for a Southern state.
Edmean years of schooling.
Po1police expenditure in 1960.
Po2police expenditure in 1959.
LFlabour force participation rate.
M.Fnumber of males per 1000 females.
Popstate population.
NWnumber of non-whites per 1000 people.
U1unemployment rate of urban males 14–24.
U2unemployment rate of urban males 35–39.
GDPgross domestic product per head.
Ineqincome inequality.
Probprobability of imprisonment.
Timeaverage time served in state prisons.
yrate of crimes in a particular category per head of population.
Ehrlich, I. (1973) Participation in illegitimate activities: a theoretical and empirical investigation. Journal of Political Economy, 81, 521–565.
Vandaele, W. (1978) Participation in illegitimate activities: Ehrlich revisited. In Deterrence and Incapacitation, eds A. Blumstein, J. Cohen and D. Nagin, pp. 270–335. US National Academy of Sciences.
Venables, W. N. and Ripley, B. D. (1999) Modern Applied Statistics with S-PLUS. Third Edition. Springer.