| environment {base} | R Documentation |
Get, set, test for and create environments.
environment(fun = NULL) environment(fun) <- value is.environment(obj) .GlobalEnv globalenv() .BaseNamespaceEnv new.env(hash=FALSE, parent=parent.frame()) parent.env(env) parent.env(env) <- value
fun |
a function, a formula, or
NULL, which is the default. |
value |
an environment to associate with the function |
obj |
an arbitrary R object. |
hash |
a logical, if TRUE the environment will be hashed |
parent |
an environment to be used as the parent of the environment created. |
env |
an environment |
The global environment .GlobalEnv is the first item on the
search path, more often known as the user's workspace. It can also be
accessed by globalenv().
The object .BaseNamespaceEnv is the namespace environment for
the base package. The environment of the base package itself is
represented by NULL.
The replacement function parent.env<- is extremely dangerous as
it can be used to destructively change environments in ways that
violate assumptions made by the internal C code. It may be removed
in the near future.
is.environment is generic: you can write methods to handle
specific classes of objects, see InternalMethods.
If fun is a function or a formula then environment(fun)
returns the environment associated with that function or formula.
If fun is NULL then the current evaluation environment is
returned.
The assignment form sets the environment of the function or formula
fun to the value given.
is.environment(obj) returns TRUE iff obj is an
environment.
new.env returns a new (empty) environment enclosed in the
parent's environment, by default.
parent.env returns the parent environment of its argument.
parent.env<- sets the parent environment of its first argument.
The envir argument of eval.
##-- all three give the same:
environment()
environment(environment)
.GlobalEnv
ls(envir=environment(approxfun(1:2,1:2, method="const")))
is.environment(.GlobalEnv) # TRUE
e1 <- new.env(TRUE, NULL) # these two have parent package:base.
e2 <- new.env(FALSE, NULL)
assign("a", 3, env=e2)
parent.env(e1) <- e2
get("a", env=e1)