The most basic settings influencing the spacing are indent and
linewidth. They are set in the \paper block. They
control the indentation of the first line of music, and the lengths of
the lines.
If raggedright is set to true in the \paper
block, then the lines are justified at their natural length. This
useful for short fragments, and for checking how tight the natural
spacing is.
The option raggedlast is similar to raggedright, but
only affects the last line of the piece. No restrictions are put on
that line. The result is similar to formatting paragraphs. In a
paragraph, the last line simply takes its natural length.
The page layout process happens outside the LilyPond formatting
engine: variables controlling page layout are passed to the output,
and are further interpreted by lilypond wrapper program. It
responds to the following variables in the \paper block. The
spacing between systems is controlled with interscoreline, its
default is 16pt. The distance between the score lines will stretch in
order to fill the full page interscorelinefill is set to a
positive number. In that case interscoreline specifies the
minimum spacing.
If the variable lastpagefill is defined,
systems are evenly distributed vertically on the last page. This
might produce ugly results in case there are not enough systems on the
last page. The lilypond-book command ignores
lastpagefill. See lilypond-book manual for more
information.
Page breaks are normally computed by TeX, so they are not under
direct control of LilyPond. However, you can insert commands into
the .tex output to instruct TeX where to break pages. This
is done by setting the between-systems-strings on the
NonMusicalPaperColumn where the system is broken.
An example is shown in input/regression/between-systems.ly.
The predefined command \newpage also does this.
To change the paper size, there are two commands,
#(set-default-paper-size "a4")
\paper{
#(set-paper-size "a4")
}
The second one sets the size of the \paper block that it's in.
In this manual: Invoking lilypond.
Examples: input/regression/between-systems.ly.
Internals: NonMusicalPaperColumn.
LilyPond has no concept of page layout, which makes it difficult to reliably choose page breaks in longer pieces.
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